He rārangi kupu e pā ana ki ngā momo kupu, te waihanga rerenga kōrero, te weteoro, tae atu ki ngā momo āhuatanga reo, pērā i te kīwaha.
A list of vocabulary relating to types of words, sentences, phonics, and aspects of language such as colloquial expressions.
language function (takenga mai: āheinga - competence, ability)
adverbial clause
relative clause (takenga mai: whakamahuki - to elucidate, enlighten)
language feature
phonics (takenga mai: ara whakaako - teaching pathway; wete - to untie, unravel; oro - sound)
alphabet (kupu kē atu: wakapū)
phonological awareness (takenga mai: wete - untie, unravel; oro - sound)
aronga (o te rerenga kōrero) Tūingoa
object (of a sentence) (takenga mai: aro - turn towards, focus)
language structure, language form, language pattern
hanga māramatanga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
make meaning, make sense
anachronism (takenga mai: hanga - thing; nō - of, belonging to; wā - time; kē - different)
metaphor, simile (kupu kē atu: kupu whakarite)
extended metaphor (takenga mai: tō - to pull; roa - to be long)
rhyme (takenga mai: hua [whakahua] - pronunciation; rite - be like, similar)
agent (kupu kē atu: kaimahi)
participant
class of adjective
karapiti ~hia ~nga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
juxtapose, juxtaposition (takenga mai: karapiti - to put together, side by side)
expression, saying
prepositional phrase (kupu kē atu: kīpūhono)
parallelism (takenga mai: tā - a causative prefix; tā - to print, publish; rara [whakarara] - parallel; rara - ribs) (kupu kē atu: kītārara)
adjective phrase (kupu kē atu: kīāhua)
adverbial phrase
appositive, explanatory phrase (kupu kē atu: kīwhakamārama)
figurative expression, figure of speech (takenga mai: kī - to say, utter; peha - figure of speech, turn of phrase)
oxymoron (takenga mai: kīpeha - figure of speech; tauaro - be opposite)
idiom (takenga mai: kī - saying; rehu - dimly seen, obscure)
second person (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; nā - indicating location by the listener or reader)
first person (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; nei - indicating location by the speaker or writer)
third person (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; rā - indicating locationsome distance away from the speakerand listener)
colloquialism, colloquial expression
second person narrative (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; nā - indicating location connected with listener or reader)
first person narrative (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; nei - indicating location connected with speaker or writer)
third person narrative (takenga mai: kiri - person; tū - position; rā - indicating location some distance away from the speaker and listener)
passive ending (kupu kē atu: kūmuri whakahāngū)
syllable
metalanguage (kupu kē atu: tohu ahureo)
pun (takenga mai: anga - to move in a certain direction, to face; rua - two)
antimetabole (takenga mai: huri - to change, turn upside down; hāngai - opposite)
acronym (takenga mai: rāpoto [whakarāpopoto] - summary)
minimal pair synonym
redundant word (takenga mai: tāwere - in excess)
prophetic saying
hyperbole (takenga mai: whakapehapeha - to boast, brag)
simile, metaphor (kupu kē atu: huahuatau)
causal link, causal conjunction (kupu kē atu: kīhono pūtake)
term of address, vocative (takenga mai: kupu - word, utterance; kiri - person)
term of endearment (takenga mai: mateoha - endearing, loveable)
formal term of address
informal term of address
cliché (takenga mai: rārahu - common bracken fern found throughout Aotearoa)
metalinguistics (takenga mai: mātai - to inspect, examine, investigate [field of study]; ahu - to tend, foster; reo - language)
etymology (takenga mai: mātai - to inspect, examine, investigate [field of study])
linguistics (takenga mai: mātai - to inspect, examine, investigate [field of study]; reo - language)
morphology (takenga mai: wete - to untie, unravel; kupu - word)
phonology (takenga mai: mātai - to inspect, examine, investigate [field of study]; wete - to untie, unravel; oro - sound)
matatau ki te reo whakawhitiwhiti Tūingoa
communicative proficiency
phonic knowledge (takenga mai: oro - sound; motu - separated)
register, type of language
literary device
exclamation (takenga mai: ohorere - surprise, shock) (kupu kē atu: kupu ohorere, kupuoho)
consonant
alliteration (takenga mai: orokati - consonant; tārua - repeat)
phoneme (takenga mai: oro – sound; motu – separated)
elision (takenga mai: oro – sound; naki – glide smoothly)
vowel
assonance (takenga mai: oropuare - vowel; tārua - to repeat)
onomatopoeia (takenga mai: oro - sound; rite - be like, similar)
alternative question, choice question
motto (takenga mai: peha - figure of speech, turn of phrase)
tribal saying
definite article (takenga mai: pū [putohu] - article; tautuhi - to indicate, define, specify)
directional particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; anga - face or move in a certain direction)
positional particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; hea - location interrogative)
satire, satirical (takenga mai: pūhohe - mocking, laughing)
preposition (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; hono - join) (kupu kē atu: pūtūmua)
nominal particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; ingoa - name)
verbal particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; mahi [tūmahi] - verb)
proper article (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; moko [tūmoko] - proper noun)
particle (takenga mai: punga - to anchor)
indefinite article
possessive particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; riro - be got, acquired, obtained)
singular possessive
plural possessive
article (grammar) (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; tohu - show, point out)
locative particle (takenga mai: pū [punga] - particle; wāhi - location, place)
cliché (takenga mai: rārahu - common bracken fern found throughout Aotearoa)
passive voice (takenga mai: hāngū - silent, passive)
active voice (takenga mai: hā - essence, tenor; oho - awake) (kupu kē atu: reo hāpai)
literal language (takenga mai: more - plain, bare)
figurative language (takenga mai: peha - figure of speech, turn of phrase)
passive sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; hāngū - passive) (kupu kē atu: rerenga kōrero hāngū)
active sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; hāoho - active) (kupu kē atu: rerenga kōrero hāoho, rerehāpai)
verbal sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; mahi [tūmahi] - verb)
stative sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; mahi [tūmahi] - verb; āhua [tūmahi āhua] - stative verb)
question sentence, interrogative sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; pātai - question) (kupu kē atu: rerenga [kōrero] pātai)
statement sentence, declarative sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; tauākī - statement) (kupu kē atu: rerenga [kōrero] tauākī)
command sentence, imperative sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; whakahau - to command) (kupu kē atu: rerenga [kōrero] whakahau)
exclamation sentence (takenga mai: rere [rerenga kōrero] - sentence; whakaoho - to startle) (kupu kē atu: rerenga [kōrero] whakaoho)
phonemic environment
analogy (takenga mai: tai - prefix which has a qualifying force; ritenga - resemblance, corresponding thing)
singular
plural
syntax (takenga mai: tātai - to arrange, set in order)
tātari kōrerorero Tūingoa, Tūmahi
discourse analysis
triplification
cardinal number (takenga mai: tau - number; maha - be many)
ordinal number (takenga mai: tau - number; raupapa - sequence, order)
macron (takenga mai: tohu - symbol, mark; tō - to drag, pull)
adjective (takenga mai: tū - sort, type; āhua - appearance) (kupu kē atu: kupuāhua)
superlative (takenga mai: tūāhua - adjective; inati - exceptional, remarkable)
comparative
imperative verb (takenga mai: tū - sort, type; hau [whakahau] - command) (kupu kē atu: tūmahi tohutohu)
noun (takenga mai: tū [tumu] - foundation, base; ingoa - name) (kupu kē atu: kupuingoa)
concrete noun (takenga mai: ōkiko - physical; ō - pertaining to; kiko - body, substance)
collective noun (takenga mai: rangapū - company, group)
abstract noun
pronoun, personal pronoun (takenga mai: tū [tumu] - foundation, base; kapi [whakakapi] - to replace, substitute) (kupu kē atu: tūpou)
dual pronoun
exclusive pronoun (takenga mai: kaupare - avert, turn in a different direction)
second person pronoun (takenga mai: tūkapi - pronoun; kiri - person, self; tū - position; nā - indicating location connected with the listener or reader)
first person pronoun (takenga mai: tūkapi - pronoun; kiri - person, self; tū - position; nei - indicating location connected with the speaker or writer)
third person pronoun (takenga mai: tūkapi - pronoun; kiri - person; tū - position; rā - indicating location some distance away from the speaker and listener)
possessive pronoun (takenga mai: tūkapi - pronoun; riro - be got, acquired, obtained)
singular pronoun
plural pronoun
adverb
verb (takenga mai: tū [tumu] - foundation, base; mahi - to work, perform, job, activity) (kupu kē atu: kupumahi)
stative verb
passive verb
active verb (kupu kē atu: tūmahi hāpai)
gerund
neuter verb
intransitive verb
transitive verb
proper noun (takenga mai: tū [tumu] - foundation, base; moko - person [figurative])
interrogative, question word (takenga mai: tū [tūmomo] - manner, sort, type; pātai - question)
future tense, future time (takenga mai: wā - time; heke - to be coming)
tense (takenga mai: wā - time; mahi - activity)
past time, past tense (takenga mai: wā - time; mua - the past)
present time, present tense (takenga mai: wā - time; tū - to stop, halt) (kupu kē atu: wānei)
grammar (takenga mai: wete - to untie, unravel; reo - language)
whakakāhore ~tia ~tanga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
negate, negation
whakamahuki ~tia ~tanga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
elaborate, explain, elaboration, explanation
whakamāori ā-kupu Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
word for word translation (to Māori)
whakamāori ā-wairua Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
intrepretive translation (to Māori)
whakamāori horipū Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
literal translation, direct translation (to Māori) (takenga mai: horipū - direct)
sarcastic, sarcasm (takenga mai: whakatakē - to look down on, criticise negatively, disparage, belittle) (kupu kē atu: whakahāwea)
whakataukī ~tia Tūingoa, Tūmahi
proverb, proverbalise (kupu kē atu: whakatauākī)
understate, understated (takenga mai: tūai - thin, lean)