WhakamĀrama Āpitihanga
He nui ngā taonga puoro pūhau tuku iho a te Māori. He maha ngā kaupapa e whakamahia ai ēnei taonga puoro, pērā i te whakawhānau pēpē, i te whakatau wairua me te poroporoaki i ngā mate. He ngāwari, he āio te tangi a ētahi, he tioro, he whakaohooho ētahi. Koia nei ētahi:
hue puruhau
Ka mahia mai tēnei taonga puoro ki te hue āhua nui nei tōna hanga. Ka tapahia te kakī o te hue, ka tangohia atu ngā kākano. Ka puhia te hau ki te puare ka oti mai i te tapahanga, ā, ka puta tōna reo āio:
karanga manu
He taonga ka whakatangihia kia rite ki te tangi a te manu. He momo whio ētahi, ka hangaia ki te kōiwi, ki te kōhatu rānei:
karanga weka
He rite te tangi o tēnei taonga ki te reo o te weka, engari ka taea hoki he rangi reka. Kotahi te wenewene, ā, he rite ki te nguru engari he poto ake:
kōauau
Ka hangaia te kōauau ki te kōiwi, ki te rākau, ki te kōhatu rānei. Ka hākarotia a roto i te kōauau, ā, ka pupuhi hau ki te puare i tētahi pito. I te nuinga o ngā kōauau, e toru ngā wenewene, koia hei whakahī i tōna tangi:
kōauau pongāihu
He mea hanga tēnei momo ki te hue ririki. He puare kei te pito hei pupuhi hau mā te ihu, e rua ngā wenewene hei poki mā ngā matimati:
kōauau pōrutu
He momo kōauau, engari he roa ake, ā, ko ōna wenewene ka mahia ki te taha raro. Ki te āta puhia he mārū te tangi. Ki te kaha te pupuhi, ka tīkā ake, ka tīoro te tangi:
nguru
He poto, he tiriwhana hoki te kakau o te nguru, ka hangaia ki te kōiwi, ki te kōhatu, ki te rākau rānei. Ko te tauira waihanga, ko te niho parāoa me te kakī o te hue. E toru ngā wenewene matua o te nguru, ā, ka puhia e te waha, e te ihu rānei o te tangata:
ororuarangi
Ka hangaia tēnei momo kōauau i te kakī roa o te hue. Ka mahia kia rua ngā wenewene noho takirua ki te tinana o tēnei taonga. Ka puhia te hau ki te pito o te ororuarangi hei whakaputa i tōna reo:
pūpū harakeke
Ka hangaia tēnei taonga whakatangitangi i te anga o te pūpū harakeke, he momo ngata ka noho ki te pū harakeke. Ka puhia te ngutu o te anga, ā, ki te pīoioihia, ka auau tōna tangi. Arā anō tētahi momo ka hangaia ki te ‘ngata kauri’, ka kīia, he pūpūrangi, koia hoki te ingoa o taua momo ngata:
pūrerehua, rangorango, mamae
Ehara mā te pupuhi a te tangata e puta ai te oro o tēnei taonga, engari mā te piu, mā te takahurihuri rānei i te hau takiwā. Ka mahia mai i te kōiwi, i te rākau, i te kōhatu rānei, ā, ko te āhua o tōna hanga, he arero matarua. Ko tōna tangi he rite ki te hamumu o te rango, te papaki rānei o ngā parirau o te pūrerehua:
porotiti
He hanga papatahi, he porowhita tipirori te āhua. Ka hangaia ki te rākau, ki te wheua rānei. Ka pokaina ētahi kōhao e rua ki waenganui, ka kauia he aho ki ngā kōhao, ka herea. Ka hurihuria te porotiti, ka kumea te aho kia tāwhirowhiro. Ka tamumu, ka wheowheo:
pūtōrino
Ka hangaia te pūtōrino ki te kōiwi, ki te rākau rānei. He āhua roa ake i te kōauau, ā, ko tōna rite ko te tūngoungou o te pūtōrino a Raukatauri. He āhua whāiti ngā pito, he whānui ake a waenganui. Kotahi, nui ake rānei ōna wenewene. Ka puhia ngā pito e rua o te pūtōrino – mai i tētahi pito ko te reo tāne, mai i tētahi ko te reo wahine. Ka puhia rānei te puare o waenganui. Arā ētahi atu reo e taea ana e tēnei taonga. Kāore hoki tēnei taonga puoro e kitea i iwi kē atu o te ao:
rehu
He ōrite tēnei momo ki te kōauau pōrutu, engari ka puhia te hau ki te puare kei te taha tonu o te kakau, kāore i te pito:
pūmotomoto
He roa ake i te pūtōrino. Ka pūhia te pito puare o runga, ā, kotahi te wenewene kei te pito raro. Ko tētahi whakamahinga o te pūmotomoto, ko te taki karakia mā roto tonu i tēnei taonga:
Koia nei ētahi taonga pūhau o te ao puoro whānui:
Ko ētahi wāhanga o te pūtōrino ao whānui:
Ko ētahi wāhanga o te rehu ao whānui:
Ko ngā tangi o ngā taonga pūhau o te ao whānui:
| pōrutu | |
| pūhoru | |
| pūtōrino | |
| pūtahoro | |
| pūtohe |