He ranunga o te parahua, te paraumu me te maramara kōhatu e uhi nei i te paparanga toka i te mata o Papatūānuku. He kohuke, he matū pararopi, he rauropi, he wai, he hau takiwā kei roto i te oneone. Haere tonu ai te tukanga whakahou i te oneone i ngā wā katoa, arā, mā te whakapopo o te matū pararopi me te ngawhere haere o ngā toka.
A mixture of silt, humus and broken rocky material which covers the layer of rock on the surface of the Earth. It contains minerals, organic matter, living organisms, water and air. Soil is continually being renewed through the decay of organic material and the weathering of rock.