Te Reo Matatini

punga

particle

tūingoa

WHAKAMĀRAMA

He kupu kōiwi, he kupu iti, kāore ōna tikanga i tōna kotahi. Mēnā ka noho tahi me kupu kē atu, kātahi ka whai tikanga. Ko tā te punga i te rerenga kōrero, he tuitui i ngā kupu kiko i runga anō i ngā tikanga wetereo.

A type of function word which is small and means nothing on its own. It needs to be associated with other words to impart meaning. In a sentence, particles serve to bind the content words together according to grammatical convention.

Tauira KŌrero

Tohua ngā punga i tēnei rerenga kōrero.

Ko ngā punga, koirā te nuinga o ngā hapa i tana tuhinga.

He aha i kīia ai, he punga te kupu 'i'?

WhakamĀrama Āpitihanga

Hei tauira o ētahi momo punga:

  1. Ko te pūmahi, arā, he punga hei tohu i te wāmahi, pērā i te ‘i’, i te 'ka' me te ‘kei te’. Hei tauira o ētahi:

    Rerenga kōreroTe wā e tohua ana
    I haere au.wāmua
    Kāore au i haere.wāmua
    Kua haere au.wāmua oti kē
    Kei te haere auwātū
    E haere anaHei tohu i te haere tonutanga o te mahi, ahakoa wāmua, wātū, wāheke rānei.
    Ka haere auHei tohu i te mahinga o te mahi, ahakoa wāmua, wāheke rānei.
    Kāore au e haere.wāheke


  2. Ko te pūwāhi, arā, he punga hei tohu i tētahi wāhi, pērā i te 'i' me te 'kei'. Ka noho ēnei kupu ki mua tonu i te tūwāhi. Hei tauira: I reira au inanahi, kei konei au ināianei, hei konā au āpōpō.

  3. Ko te pūanga, arā, he punga hei tohu ahunga, pērā i te 'i', i te 'ki', i te 'mai' me te 'atu'. Hei tauira: Haere mai ki taku whare.

  4. Ko te pūhea, arā, he punga hei tohu i te taunga o tētahi mea. Ko te 'nei', te 'nā' me te 'rā' ngā pūhea matua. Hei tauira: Mauria mai te pukapuka nā.

  5. Ko te pūingoa, arā, he punga ka noho ki mua i te tūingoa, i te kīanga tūingoa rānei. Hei tauira:
    • Ka horoi a Manu i tōna kanohi.
    • Ko Tongariro te maunga.
    • Mā Hēmi e kōrero.
    • Nā taku kōkā te kōrero whakamutunga.
    • Hei tauira o te pūingoa i te rerenga hāngū: Ka horoia e ia tōna kanohi.
  6. Ko te pūhono, arā, he punga hei tohu i te mea ka pākia e te tūmahi whiti. Hei tauira: Ka horoi ia i tōna kanohi.

Takenga Mai

punga - to anchor

Tauira KŌrero

Tohua ngā punga i tēnei rerenga kōrero.

Ko ngā punga, koirā te nuinga o ngā hapa i tana tuhinga.

He aha i kīia ai, he punga te kupu 'i'?

WhakamĀrama Āpitihanga