He rārangi kupu e pā ana ki te āhuarangi, te huarere, me te mahana haere o te ao.
A vocabulary list relating to climate, weather and global warming.
volcanic activity, geothermal activity (takenga mai: ahi – fire; tipua – object of awe or terror)
latitude (takenga mai: aho – line; pae – horizontal)
longitude (takenga mai: aho – line; pou – vertical)
climate (takenga mai: āhua – form, appearance, character; Rangi – Sky, heavens, upper regions)
temperate climate
climate change
āhuarangi hurihuri pūtangata Tūingoa
anthropogenic climate change, human caused climate change (takenga mai: pū - cause, origin; tangata - people)
microclimate
dry climate
continental climate
tropical climate
polar climate
adaptive feature (takenga mai: uru – enter; tau – settle down)
environmental disaster
cloud (kupu kē atu: kapua*)
natural world
theory
front (weather)
warm front
cold front
spring (kupu kē atu: kōanga*)
āta tirotiro ~hia Tūmahi Whiti
observe (kupu kē atu: mātakitaki)
storm cloud
atoll (takenga mai: He kupu mino.)
glacier (takenga mai: awa – river, gully, gorge; kōpaka – ice, frost)
environmental influence
storm (kupu kē atu: tūpuhi*)
scale (of a measuring instrument) (takenga mai: arawhata – ladder)
Beaufort scale (takenga mai: āwhata – scale; Beaufort – he ingoa tangata)
Celsius scale (takenga mai: āwhata – scale; Celsius – he ingoa tangata) (kupu kē atu: āwhata tohurau)
Richter scale (takenga mai: āwhata – scale; Richter – he ingoa tangata)
Celsius scale (takenga mai: āwhata - scale; tohu - to point out, show; rau - hundred) (kupu kē atu: āwhata Celsius)
āwhata whakahou a Mercalli Tūingoa
Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (takenga mai: āwhata – scale; whakahou – revise; Mercalli – he ingoa tangata)
oxygen (tohu: O) (takenga mai: hā – breath, breathe; ora – alive) (kupu kē atu: ōkihena [kupu mino])
oxygen gas (tohu: O2)
dioxide (tohu: O2) (kupu kē atu: ōkai-rua [kupu mino])
monoxide (tohu: O) (kupu kē atu: ōkai-tahi [kupu mino])
ozone, trioxide (tohu: O3) (kupu kē atu: ōkai-toru [kupu mino], pekerangi)
hāpaiora Tūingoa, Tūāhua, Tūmahi Poro
intervene, intervention (takenga mai: hāpai - to uplift, support; ora - wellness)
wind
air (takenga mai: hau o te takiwā – air of space; hau – wind, air; takiwā – space)
trade wind (takenga mai: hau – wind; weherua [weheruatanga o te ao] - equator)
air mass (takenga mai: hau [hau takiwā] - air; whakapipi - heap, pile one upon another)
hau whakapipi moana pārūrū Tūingoa
maritime tropical air mass
hau whakapipi moana tōpito Tūingoa
maritime polar air mass
hau whakapipi whenua pārūrū Tūingoa
continental tropical air mass
hau whakapipi whenua tōpito Tūingoa
continental polar air mass
carbon dioxide (tohu: CO2) (takenga mai: hau [haurehu] - gas; hā [whakahā] - emit breath) (kupu kē atu: waro hāora-rua, kāpona ōkai-rua [kupu mino])
liquid petroleum gas (whakapotonga: LPG) (takenga mai: hau [haurehu] – gas; ī – ferment)
carbon monoxide (tohu: CO) (takenga mai: hau [haurehu] – gas; kino – bad) (kupu kē atu: waro hāora-tahi, kāpona ōkai-tahi [kupu mino])
biosecurity
environmental safety
hurricane
nitrogen (tohu: N) (takenga mai: hau [haurehu] - gas; ota - vegetation) (kupu kē atu: naitorena [kupu mino])
nitrogen dioxide (tohu: NO2) (kupu kē atu: naitorena ōkai-rua [kupu mino])
gas (takenga mai: hau – wind, air; rehu – haze, mist, spray, fine dust)
greenhouse gas (takenga mai: haurehu – gas; kati – close in, barrier, trap; mahana – warm)
biogas
ecological (takenga mai: hau [hau kāinga] – home; ropi [rauropi] – organism)
hydrogen (tohu: H) (takenga mai: hau [haurehu] – gas; wai – water) (kupu kē atu: haitorana [kupu mino])
land breeze (kupu kē atu: tūwhenua*)
precipitation (kupu kē atu: tōtāwairehu)
solar radiation (kupu kē atu: hihi o Tamanuiterā)
solar radiation (kupu kē atu: hihi kōmaru)
moon (kupu kē atu: Marama*)
lunar rainbow (kupu kē atu: kurahaupō)
oil
crude oil
diesel
biodiesel
avalanche (takenga mai: horo – fall in fragments, slip; maunga – mountain)
mudslide (takenga mai: horo – fall in fragments, slip; poharu – soft, boggy)
landslide (kupu kē atu: horowhenua)
landslide (kupu kē atu: horopū)
winter (kupu kē atu: takurua*)
erupt, eruption
weather
extreme weather
climate justice (takenga mai: hua - outcome, result; tika - correct, just) (kupu kē atu: tika āhuarangi)
hukapapa ~tia Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
frost (kupu kē atu: haupapa*)
snow (kupu kē atu: puaheiri*)
hail (kupu kē atu: ua whatu*)
powder, powdery (kupu kē atu: nehu, paura [kupu mino])
nitrogen cycle
water cycle
carbon cycle
summer solstice (kupu kē atu: rā roa)
winter solstice (kupu kē atu: rā poto)
sundog, fragmentary rainbow
seismograph (kupu kē atu: kauwhata rū)
anemometer
rain gauge
cirrus cloud (kupu kē atu: pūrehurehu*)
magnitude (of an earthquake)
intensity (of an earthquake)
stewardship
lightning (kupu kē atu: uira)
kanorau koiora Tūingoa, Tūāhua
biodiversity, biodiverse (takenga mai: kano - sort, kind; rau - multitude; koiora - biology) (kupu kē atu: rerenga rauropi)
biodiversity, biodiverse (takenga mai: kano - sort, kind; rau - multitude; koiora - biology)
kapo haukini Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro, Tūāhua
nitrification (takenga mai: kapo – catch; haukini – ammonia)
kapo hauota Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro, Tūāhua
nitrogen fixation (takenga mai: kapo – catch; hauota – nitrogen)
cloud (kupu kē atu: ao*)
stratus cloud (takenga mai: kapua – cloud; hahaka – low)
alto clouds (takenga mai: kapua – cloud; waenga – middle)
cumulus cloud (takenga mai: kapua – cloud; whakapipi – heap, pile one upon another)
natural gas (takenga mai: Kapuni - Ko te ingoa o te wāhi i Taranaki kei reira tētahi puna o tēnei momo haurehu.)
compressed natural gas (whakapotonga: CNG)
water table (takenga mai: kārewa - surface [of water]; wainuku - groundwater)
greenhouse effect (takenga mai: kati - close in, barrier, trap; mahana - warm)
environmental policy
seismograph (kupu kē atu: ine-rū)
overcast, dark cloud
fumarole (takenga mai: kōhao – vent; pohutu – geyser)
atmosphere (takenga mai: kō [kōpaki] - envelop; hau - gas)
petrol (kupu kē atu: penehīni [he kupu mino - benzene])
new moon (kupu kē atu: kōhititanga o te Marama)
kōhititanga o te Marama Tūingoa
new moon (kupu kē atu: kōhiti)
fuel
synthetic fuel
biofuel
fossil fuel (kupu kē atu: koranehe)
desert
fuel oil
fossil fuel (takenga mai: kora – fuel; nehe - ancient times) (kupu kē atu: kora mātātoka)
clouds in strata
cyclone, depression, low pressure (takenga mai: kurahau-awatea – cyclone, sign of bad weather)
anticyclone (takenga mai: kurahaupō – sign of good weather)
lunar rainbow (kupu kē atu: Hinekōrako)
global warming
climate map
cloud (dark band)
rain (kupu kē atu: ua)
climatology
meteorology
volcanology
seismology
matapae ~tia Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti, Tūāhua
predict, prediction
principle
aquifer (takenga mai: mātā [mātāpuna] - source; wainuku - groundwater)
confined aquifer (takenga mai: mātā [mātāpuna] - source; wainuku - groundwater; hamaruru - to shut in, confine, restrict)
unconfined aquifer (takenga mai: mātā [mātāpuna] - source; wainuku - groundwater; tūraha - to be open, not confined)
summer (kupu kē atu: raumati)
sea breeze
habitat
virgin forest (kupu kē atu: ngahere tikitū, ngahere urutapu)
tropical rain forest
ngāhorohoro Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro, Tūāhua
erode, erosion (takenga mai: ngāhorohoro – fall off bit by bit)
autumn (kupu kē atu: tokerau)
fauna
flora
(relating to the) Living World
nimbus, rain cloud
vegetation
sea level
isobar (takenga mai: pae – region, boundary; pēhanga – pressure)
temperature (takenga mai: pae [paepae] – threshold; mahana – warm) (kupu kē atu: pāmahana)
nitrate (tohu: NO3-) (takenga mai: pākawa [pāhare - salt, ester], [waikawa - acid] – '~ate'; ota [hauota] – nitrogen) (kupu kē atu: naiate [kupu mino])
sulphate (tohu: SO42-) (takenga mai: pākawa [pāhare – salt, ester], [waikawa – acid] - '~ate'; pungatara – sulphur) (kupu kē atu: hāwhate [kupu mino])
phosphate (tohu: PO43-) (takenga mai: pākawe [pāhare – salt, ester], [waikawa – acid] - '~ate'; tūtaewhetū [pūtūtaewhetū] – phosphorus) (kupu kē atu: popoate [kupu mino])
ozone layer
environmental impact
Earth (kupu kē atu: ao)
sediment (kupu kē atu: parataiao, waipara)
sediment, sedimentary (takenga mai: para – sediment, impurity, waste; taiao – environment) (kupu kē atu: parakiwai, waipara)
tsunami (kupu kē atu: tainiwhaniwha)
tropical, humid (takenga mai: pārūrū – sultry, hot)
ozone (tohu: O3) (kupu kē atu: hāora-toru, ōkai-toru [kupu mino])
geyser
snow (kupu kē atu: hukarere*)
volcano
algal bloom (takenga mai: pūkohu [pūkohu wai] – algae; ngaruru – abundant, flourishing)
toxic algal bloom
deep aquifer, artesian bore
spring (water), well
system (takenga mai: pū – base, foundation; naha [nahanaha] – well arranged, in good order)
ecosystem (takenga mai: pūnaha ‒ system; hauropi ‒ ecology)
punahiko waro koranehe Tūingoa
coal-fired power station
energy (kupu kē atu: ngao)
wind energy
hydropower
alternative energy (takenga mai: pūngao – energy; kē – different, of another kind)
solar energy
geothermal energy (kupu kē atu: pūngao ngāwhā)
renewable energy
pūngao whatungarongaro Tūingoa
non-renewable energy (takenga mai: pūngao – energy; whatungarongaro – disappear)
cirrus cloud (kupu kē atu: iorangi*)
carbon sink (takenga mai: putunga - heap, stack, storage; waro - carbon)
Sun (kupu kē atu: Tamanuiterā)
winter solstice (kupu kē atu: Ihu o Hinetakurua)
summer solstice (kupu kē atu: Ihu o Hineraumati)
concrete (takenga mai: He kupu mino.)
summer (kupu kē atu: matiti*)
renewable resource
non-renewable resource
climate refugee
convection current (takenga mai: rerenga [rere] – flow; ia- current; kawe - to carry)
polar zone (takenga mai: kōpaka - ice)
rū (whenua) ~hia Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
earthquake
tide
ebb tide, low tide (kupu kē atu: tai timu*)
spring tide (kupu kē atu: tai nunui*)
spring tide (kupu kē atu: tai huki*)
high tide (kupu kē atu: tai tū*)
ebb tide, low tide (kupu kē atu: tai heke*)
high tide (kupu kē atu: tai pari*)
environment
climate crisis
environmental crisis
carbon tax
water vapour (kupu kē atu: wairehu)
winter (kupu kē atu: hōtoke*)
coastline, sea coast, shore
carbon footprint
altitude (takenga mai: teitei – high, lofty) (kupu kē atu: tiketike)
tītōhea Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro, Tūāhua
barren (land) (kupu kē atu: hahore)
autumn (kupu kē atu: ngahuru)
polar ice cap
precipitation (takenga mai: tōtā – condensation; wairehu – water vapour) (kupu kē atu: hekenga wai)
infrastructure (takenga mai: tūā [tūāpapa] - foundation; hanga [hanganga] - structure) (kupu kē atu: pūnahahanga)
primary infrastructure, critical infrastructure
energy infrastructure
northern hemisphere (takenga mai: tuakoi – divide, separate, boundary, division; raki – north)
southern hemisphere (takenga mai: tuakoi – divide, separate, boundary, division; tonga – south)
tuangahere Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
deforestation (takenga mai: tua - to fell, cut down; ngahere - forest) (kupu kē atu: whakarake)
environmental abuse
tuku hauota Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
denitrification
low carbon emission (takenga mai: tuku - to release; waro - carbon; iti - small, little)
carbon-zero, carbon neutral (takenga mai: tuku - to release; waro - carbon; kore - zero, nil)
storm (kupu kē atu: āwhā*)
environmental risk
land breeze (kupu kē atu: hauwhenua*)
rain (kupu kē atu: marangai*)
frontal rain (takenga mai: aro – front; tuki [tukituki] – batter, dash)
orographic rain (takenga mai: ikeike – high, lofty)
acid rain (takenga mai: ua – rain; kawa [waikawa] – acid)
convectional rain (takenga mai: ua – rain; pārūrū – sultry, hot)
hail (kupu kē atu: hukātara*)
lightning (kupu kē atu: kanapu*)
urutau ~nga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
adapt, adaptation (takenga mai: uru – enter; tau – settle down)
structural adaptation
functional adaptation, physiological adaptation
behavioural adaptation
water (tohu: H2O)
groundwater (takenga mai: wai - water; nuku - earth)
water vapour (kupu kē atu: tākohu)
carbon (tohu: C) (takenga mai: waro – burning coals, charcoal) (kupu kē atu: kāpona [kupu mino])
carbon dioxide (tohu: CO2) (kupu kē atu: hauhā, kāpona ōkai-rua [kupu mino])
carbon monoxide (tohu: CO) (kupu kē atu: haukino, kāpona ōkai-tahi [kupu mino])
equator (takenga mai: weherua – divide into two)
whakaeto ~a ~nga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro, Tūāhua
evaporate (kupu kē atu: tōmiti)
artificial fertiliser
environmental protection, environmental safeguard
whakarake ~a ~nga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Poro
deforest, deforestation (takenga mai: whaka - causative prefix; rake - bare, bald, barren) (kupu kē atu: tuangahere)
whakarake ~a ~nga Tūingoa, Tūmahi Whiti
deforest, deforestation (kupu kē atu: tuangahere)
efficient, efficiency (takenga mai: whāomo [whāomoomo] – tend, use sparingly, husband)
water conservation (takenga mai: whāomo [whāomoomo] – conservation; wai – water)
energy efficiency (takenga mai: whāomo [whāomoomo] –to conserve, use sparingly; pūngao – energy)
non-renewable (takenga mai: whatungarongaro – disappear)