Pāngarau

tūponotanga

probability, chance

tūingoa

WHAKAMĀRAMA

Ko te matapae, te ine rānei, mehemea ka hua ake tētahi āhuatanga, kāore rānei. Arā, ngā kupu, ngā kīanga, me ngā kōrero hei whakaatu tūponotanga (pērā i te ‘kāore e kore’, te ‘ākene pea’ me ētahi atu). Ka whakamahia hoki he hautau i waenganui i te 0 me te 1 hei whakaatu tūponotanga. Mēnā ko te ‘0’ te tūponotanga, e kore rawa tērā āhuatanga e hua ake. Mēnā ko te ‘1’ te tūponotanga, āe mārika, ka hua ake taua āhuatanga.

The prediction or measure of how likely an outcome is. Probability can be shown with words or phrases (such as ‘without a doubt’ or ‘perhaps’). Fractional numbers between 0 and 1 are also used to show probability. If the probability is ‘0’, it will never happen. If the probability is ‘1’, it is certain to happen.

Tauira KŌrero

He aha te tūponotanga ka heke te ua āpōpō?

E 50 ōrau te tūponotanga ka puta he whiore.

Ina pīrorihia he mataono tau, he ōrite te tūponotanga o ngā putanga katoa.

WhakamĀrama Āpitihanga

Koia nei ētahi kupu, kīanga rānei hei whakaatu tūponotanga. Kua rārangihia mai i te mea e kī ana ‘āe mārika ka hua ake tētahi āhuatanga’ ki te mea e kī ana ‘e kore rawa tētahi āhuatanga e hua ake’:

  • āe mārika
  • kāore e kore
  • āe pea/tērā tonu pea
  • ākene pea/tērā pea
  • kāore pea
  • e kore
  • e kore rawa

E taea ana te tūponotanga o tētahi putanga te tātai. Ko te tūponotanga tātai tērā. Whakawehea te maha o taua putanga ki te maha o ngā putanga katoa e taea ana. Hei tauira:

Ko te 1/6 te tūponotanga ka puta he ‘6’ ina pīrorihia he mataono tau:

Ko te tūponotanga whakamātau, koirā te auau o tētahi putanga i roto i tētahi whakamātau. Hei tauira:

E 5 ngā porotiti kei roto i tētahi ipu, he rerekē te rahi me te tae o ia porotiti. Ka tangohia matapōkerehia tētahi porotiti, kātahi ka whakahokia. Mēnā 100 ngā tangohanga porotiti, ā, e 7 ngā wā ka tangohia te porotiti whero, ka kīia ko te 100 7/100 te tūponotanga whakamātau o te porotiti whero.

Ko te tūponotanga tātai, koirā te whiriwhiri i te tūponotanga o tētahi putanga i runga anō i te whakaaro arorau. Hei tauira:

  • E whā ngā wāhanga ōrite o te pūrere takahurihuri nei, nō reira ko te 1/4 te tūponotanga o ia wāhanga.
  • E rua ngā wāhanga whero, nō reira ko te 1/2 te tūponotanga ka tau ki te rohe whero.
  • Ko te 1/4 , te 25% rānei te tūponotanga ka tau ki te rohe kahurangi. He pērā hoki mō te rohe kākāriki.
  • Mēnā 100 ngā takahurihanga o te pūrere, ko te 25 te tūponotanga tātai ka tau ki te rohe kahurangi (1/4 o te 100 = 25)
  • Mēnā 1000 ngā takahurihanga, ko te 500 te tūponotanga tātai ka tau ki te rohe whero (1/2 o te 1000 = 500)

Ko te tūponotanga whakamātau, koirā te tūponotanga o tētahi putanga ka hua ake i tētahi whakamātau. Hei tauira:

E 20 ngā kāri. He kiwi, he tūī rānei te pikitia kei ia kāri. Kāore e mōhiotia ana te maha o tēnā manu, o tēnā manu. He matapōkere te tango i tētahi kāri, kātahi taua kāri ka whakahokia.

Mēnā 100 ngā tangohanga kāri, ā, e 75 ngā kiwi, ka kīia ko te 75/100 , te 3/4 , te 75% rānei te tūponotanga whakamātau o te kiwi.

Takenga Mai

tūpono - to happen by chance, to come upon by chance

Tauira KŌrero

He aha te tūponotanga ka heke te ua āpōpō?

E 50 ōrau te tūponotanga ka puta he whiore.

Ina pīrorihia he mataono tau, he ōrite te tūponotanga o ngā putanga katoa.

WhakamĀrama Āpitihanga